泌阳凹陷北部斜坡带构造特征及油气圈闭有效性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

钟俊义  李桂林  葛辉  丁艳红  吴跃通 《地质找矿论丛》2003,18(3):149-154

泌阳凹陷北部斜坡带断裂极为发育，主要发育NE向和NWW向两组正断层。NE向断层断距大，延伸距离远；NWW向断层断距相对较小，延伸较短。斜坡带由于构造破碎，断层发育，圈闭类型多为断块、断鼻及断层 岩性复合型圈闭。因此，对北部斜坡带断层的展布和交切规律的研究，是识别该区圈闭的关键。  相似文献   

高陡土坡喷锚（土钉墙）支护施工技术   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

崔国亮 《湖南地质》2003,22(2):128-131

通过长沙电力学院西区永久性锚拉挡墙施工实例，介绍喷锚(土钉墙)的施工方法，质量控制关键点等施工技术．  相似文献   

五峰山斜坡变形破坏机制及稳定性分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

任幼蓉 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(2):56-58

针对五峰山斜坡变形破坏的基本特征,运用板裂结构理论和宏观地质法,分析了斜坡变形的影响因素、破坏机制和稳定状况。认为五峰山斜坡变形是各种作用长期积累的结果,不论有无其它触发因素,在自然状态下斜坡均会发生变形,变形模式为由下坡至上坡发展的溃屈破坏。位于陡坡上的碎块物质,当临界雨强达到7 6mm 10min时,将发生坡面泥石流。该研究对长江沿岸类似条件下斜坡的稳定性评价和治理具有参考价值。  相似文献   

京珠高速公路小塘至甘塘段煤系地层路堑高边坡稳定性分析与防治   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李吉东 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(5):86-88

京珠高速公路粤境小塘至甘塘段20m以上高度的煤系地层路堑边坡共计11处。岩层以全—强风化层为主,厚度20～40m,其物理力学性质大大降低,边坡可能发生平面破坏和圆弧破坏等2种破坏模式。部分地下水水质中SO2-4含量大于200mg l,具有强烈的硫酸盐侵蚀性。边坡防治对策应在详细勘察工程地质、水文地质的基础上,合理选用设置山坡截水沟、平台截水沟、泄水洞、边坡渗沟、排水仰孔等防、排水措施,减少地表水渗入坡体,疏干边坡表层地下水。  相似文献   

Extracting flow structures from tracer data     

Judit Schneider  Tamás Tél 《Ocean Dynamics》2003,53(2):64-72

A method of visualizing structures in closed chaotic flows out of homogenous particle distributions is presented in the example of models of a meandering jet. To this end, the system will be leaked or opened up by defining a region of the flow, so that a particle is considered to be escaped if it leaves this region. By applying this method to an ensemble of nonescaped tracers, we are able to characterize mixing processes by visualizing the converging and stretching filamentations (stable and unstable manifolds) in the flow without using additional mathematical tools. The possibility of applying the algorithm to analyze buoy data, and a comparison with the finite time manifolds are discussed.  相似文献   

Decoupled seismic analysis of an earth dam   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ernesto Cascone  Sebastiano Rampello 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2003,23(5):349-365

The seismic stability of an earth dam is evaluated via the decoupled displacement analysis using the accelerograms obtained by ground response analysis to compute the earthquake-induced displacements. The response analysis of the dam is carried out under both 1D and 2D conditions, incorporating the non-linear soil behaviour through the equivalent linear method. Ten artificial and five real accelerograms were used as input motions and four different depths were assumed for the bedrock.1D and 2D response analyses were in a fair agreement with the exception of the top third of the dam where only a 2D modelling of the problem could ensure that the acceleration field is properly described. The acceleration amplification ratio obtained in the 2D analyses was equal to about 2 in all the cases considered, consistently with data from real case histories.The maximum permanent displacements computed by the sliding block analysis were small, being less than 10% of the service freeboard; a satisfactory performance of the dam can then be envisaged for any of the seismic scenarios considered in the analyses.  相似文献   

冻土路基表面的融化指数与冻结指数   总被引：21，自引：6，他引：21  

程国栋  江灏  王可丽  吴青柏 《冰川冻土》2003,25(6):603-607

在冻土层之上筑路，由于会改变地-气界面的热物理特性，进而影响冻土层的热力→动力稳定性，故而修筑一定高度的路基成为保护冻土层所采取的一种常规措施．在修筑路基之后，与路基边坡的朝向有关的热效应是冻土路基工程保护措施必须考虑的问题．在数理分析与数值模拟分析的基础上，给出了可根据气温的年最大和最小月平均值计算路基表面的融化指数与冻结指数以及有关热状况参数的方法，并以青藏铁路北麓河段2002年为例进行了计算分析．实例分析表明，即便是没有修筑道路，北麓河地区的冻土也已经处于临界状态；路基相对的两个坡面，由于朝向不同会造成温度分布的强非均匀性，其中南和偏南方向与北和偏北方向的路基坡面热状况差异最大，有必要对路基相对的两个坡面采用不同的防护措施，一方面改善就地取土修筑路基对其下伏冻土层的直接不良影响，同时也尽可能减小路基表面温度分布的非均匀性，以避免纵向裂缝的发生。  相似文献   

Testing a model for predicting the timing and location of shallow landslide initiation in soil‐mantled landscapes     

M. Casadei  W. E. Dietrich  N. L. Miller 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2003,28(9):925-950

The growing availability of digital topographic data and the increased reliability of precipitation forecasts invite modelling efforts to predict the timing and location of shallow landslides in hilly and mountainous areas in order to reduce risk to an ever‐expanding human population. Here, we exploit a rare data set to develop and test such a model. In a 1·7 km² catchment a near‐annual aerial photographic coverage records just three single storm events over a 45 year period that produced multiple landslides. Such data enable us to test model performance by running the entire rainfall time series and determine whether just those three storms are correctly detected. To do this, we link a dynamic and spatially distributed shallow subsurface runoff model (similar to TOPMODEL) to an in?nite slope model to predict the spatial distribution of shallow landsliding. The spatial distribution of soil depth, a strong control on local landsliding, is predicted from a process‐based model. Because of its common availability, daily rainfall data were used to drive the model. Topographic data were derived from digitized 1 : 24 000 US Geological Survey contour maps. Analysis of the landslides shows that 97 occurred in 1955, 37 in 1982 and ?ve in 1998, although the heaviest rainfall was in 1982. Furthermore, intensity–duration analysis of available daily and hourly rainfall from the closest raingauges does not discriminate those three storms from others that did not generate failures. We explore the question of whether a mechanistic modelling approach is better able to identify landslide‐producing storms. Landslide and soil production parameters were ?xed from studies elsewhere. Four hydrologic parameters characterizing the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil and underlying bedrock and its decline with depth were ?rst calibrated on the 1955 landslide record. Success was characterized as the most number of actual landslides predicted with the least amount of total area predicted to be unstable. Because landslide area was consistently overpredicted, a threshold catchment area of predicted slope instability was used to de?ne whether a rainstorm was a signi?cant landslide producer. Many combinations of the four hydrological parameters performed equally well for the 1955 event, but only one combination successfully identi?ed the 1982 storm as the only landslide‐producing storm during the period 1980–86. Application of this parameter combination to the entire 45 year record successfully identi?ed the three events, but also predicted that two other landslide‐producing events should have occurred. This performance is signi?cantly better than the empirical intensity–duration threshold approach, but requires considerable calibration effort. Overprediction of instability, both for storms that produced landslides and for non‐producing storms, appears to arise from at least four causes: (1) coarse rainfall data time scale and inability to document short rainfall bursts and predict pressure wave response; (2) absence of local rainfall data; (3) legacy effect of previous landslides; and (4) inaccurate topographic and soil property data. Greater resolution of spatial and rainfall data, as well as topographic data, coupled with systematic documentation of landslides to create time series to test models, should lead to signi?cant improvements in shallow landslides forecasting. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

三峡库区云阳新城水平层状岩体高边坡变形破坏主要控制因素   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

邓清禄  尹先忠  吕峰  栾约生 《水文地质工程地质》2003,(Z1)

本文对三峡库区云阳新城一些高边坡的勘察成果进行了总结,目的在于了解云阳新城区近水平岩层条件下边坡变形破坏的型式、主要控制因素及支护要点。结果表明,云阳新城高边坡普遍存在表层剥落现象,含膨胀性矿物(主要是伊利石和绿泥石)的泥质岩较快速风化作用是造成边坡表层剥落式渐进性破坏的主要原因;沿卸荷裂隙与泥化夹层的崩滑是边坡失稳的主要型式,但边坡之间崩滑失稳的程度存在较大差异,一些边坡存在相对较为强烈的卸荷及边坡失稳问题,主要归因于其存在与边坡近于平行的构造裂隙。认为及时进行护坡并在工程设计中考虑结构面的存在型式是边坡防护的重点。  相似文献   

Risk analysis of landslides – A case study     

G. L. Sivakumar Babu  M. D. Mukesh 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2003,21(2):113-127

The effects of uncertainty due to the variability of soil parameters on the risk of landsliding in the Himalayan region are investigated using a random field model combined with slope stability analyses. Effects of spatial variability both in horizontal and vertical directions, number of test samples, variations in piezometric level and the influence of earthquake on the reliability of a typical slope in a slide area are investigated. The results show that the reliability of slopes in the slide area is significantly affected by the coefficients of variation of soil parameters, spatial variations of soil parameters, number of test samples and piezometric variations. The results also show that the assumption of isotropic variations to assess slope reliability isconservative. The results of the study are useful in providing guidelines and pointing to remedial measures in the form of sub-surface drainage to improve slope reliability in the area.  相似文献